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	<title>The Daily Flag &#187; Editorial</title>
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	<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag</link>
	<description>Your online source for flag news and information!</description>
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		<title>National POW/MIA Recognition Day to be celebrated September 18, 2009</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2009/09/17/national-powmia-recognition-day-to-be-celebrated-september-18-2009/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2009/09/17/national-powmia-recognition-day-to-be-celebrated-september-18-2009/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 17 Sep 2009 17:27:55 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flag Position Status]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flags in the News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Information]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[National League of Families of American Prisoners and Missing in Southeast Asia]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[National POW/MIA Recognition Day]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[POW/MIA flag]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[third Friday in September]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3341</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ The third Friday in September is honored as National POW/MIA Recognition Day. 
The flag is flown in the full-staff position on this day. While the law addresses flying the POW/MIA flag on federal installations only (see the link above), civilians should fly the POW/MIA flag directly beneath the U.S. flag on the same pole. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/POW_MIA_flag.png" rel="lightbox[3341]"><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; margin: 0px 15px 0px 0px; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" height="155" alt="POW_MIA_flag" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/POW_MIA_flag_thumb.png" width="244" align="left" border="0"></a> The <em>third Friday in September</em> is honored as <a href="http://law2.house.gov/uscode-cgi/fastweb.exe?getdoc+uscview+t33t36+1701+64++()%20%20AN"><strong>National POW/MIA Recognition Day</strong></a><strong>. </strong></p>
<p>The flag is flown in the <strong>full-staff position</strong> on this day. While the law addresses flying the POW/MIA flag on federal installations only (see the link above), civilians should fly the POW/MIA flag directly beneath the U.S. flag on the same pole. State flags should not be flown on the same pole on these occasions.</p>
<p>I am not a member of the <a href="http://www.pow-miafamilies.org/what.html">National League of Families</a>, but I think those who are would remind us all that is not an occasion of mourning. This is a day to be filled with hope and determination, and to remember that there is still much work to be done. From the League of Families website:</p>
<p><strong>UPDATE:&nbsp; September 2, 2009 </strong>
<p><strong></strong>
<p><strong></strong>
<p><strong></strong>
<p><strong>AMERICANS ACCOUNTED FOR:&nbsp; </strong>There are now <strong>1,731 </strong>US personnel listed by the Defense POW/MIA Office (DPMO) as missing and unaccounted for from the Vietnam War.&nbsp; The number of US personnel accounted for<u> since the end of the Vietnam War in 1975</u> is now <strong>852</strong>.&nbsp; During the League’s 40th Anniversary Annual Meeting, a League member announced that she had just received confirmation from JPAC that remains recovered earlier had been identified as those of her brother, <strong>MSGT Donald C. Grella</strong>, USA, of Nebraska, listed KIA/BNR on December 28, 1965 in South Vietnam.&nbsp; Also now accounted for from that same incident are <strong>WO2 Jesse D.&nbsp; Phelps</strong> of Idaho and <strong>CPL Thomas Rice, Jr</strong>. of South Carolina, both also US Army and initially listed as KIA/BNR.&nbsp; Three Air Force personnel whose names were released as accounted for are <strong>Capt Robert J. Edgar </strong>of Florida, listed MIA in Laos on 2/5/68, remains repatriated 5/27/97 and identified 4/28/09; <strong>Maj Curtis D. Miller</strong> of Texas, listed MIA in Laos on 3/29/72, remains repatriated 8/2/06 and identified 2/12/08; and <strong>LtCol Russell A. Poor</strong> of Indiana, listed MIA in North Vietnam on 2/4/67, remains repatriated 6/14/07 and identified 5/26/08.&nbsp; To each of these families, the League offers understanding and the hope that these concrete answers bring long-awaited peace of mind.&nbsp; <u>Of the 1,731 men still missing, 90% were lost in Vietnam or areas of Laos and Cambodia under Vietnam’s wartime control. </u>
<p>You can help:&nbsp; <a href="http://www.pow-miafamilies.org/needhelp.html">National League of Families</a></p>
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		<title>Oh say can you sing&#8212;The Star-Spangled Banner</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2009/03/16/oh-say-can-you-sing-the-star-spangled-banner/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2009/03/16/oh-say-can-you-sing-the-star-spangled-banner/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 Mar 2009 20:06:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[American Flag in literature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Information]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[National Anthem]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Smithsonian Nation Museum of American History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Star Spangled Banner]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[USA Weekend Magazine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[YouTube]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3296</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ Last Friday I received an email alerting me to the National Anthem YouTube Singing Contest sponsored by the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History and USA Weekend Magazine!
My correspondent asked if I would share this information with The Daily Flag readers, and I am happy to do so. Entries for this contest will end [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/dkh-07.jpg" rel="lightbox[3296]"><img style="border-top-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 25px; border-right-width: 0px" height="240" alt="DKH_07" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/dkh-07-thumb.jpg" width="238" align="right" border="0"></a> Last Friday I received an email alerting me to the <strong>National Anthem </strong><a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/starspangledbanner/sing-the-national-anthem.aspx"><strong>YouTube Singing Contes</strong></a><strong>t</strong> sponsored by <a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/">the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History</a> and <a href="http://www.usaweekend.com/">USA Weekend Magazine</a>!</p>
<p>My correspondent asked if I would share this information with <em>The Daily Flag</em> readers, and I am happy to do so. Entries for this contest will end on April 13.
<p>The winner will be invited to perform the national anthem at the museum <i>and</i> at the <a href="http://baltimore.orioles.mlb.com/index.jsp?c_id=bal">Baltimore Orioles vs. Atlanta Braves</a> game in Baltimore on Flag Day, June 14.
<p>The links below will tell you how to enter the contest.
<p>&nbsp;
<ul>
<li>Call for Entries: <a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/news/pressrelease.cfm?key=29&amp;newskey=968">http://americanhistory.si.edu/news/pressrelease.cfm?key=29&amp;newskey=968</a>
<li>YouTube group: <a href="http://www.youtube.com/group/Starspangledbanner">http://www.youtube.com/group/Starspangledbanner</a>
<li>Contest badge: <a href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/starspangledbanner/submit-your-video.aspx">http://americanhistory.si.edu/starspangledbanner/submit-your-video.aspx</a></li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;
<p>Long-time <em>Daily Flag</em> readers will know that I am a purist about our National Anthem, and if my advice is worth anything, then this is it: If you want to enter this contest, then sing the <strong>Star-Spangled Banner</strong> with all your heart, and all your soul. Tell the story like it was the first time anyone was hearing it, and take us back to that morning in Baltimore harbor.</p>
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		<title>Ten flags fly, in &quot;The Oregonian&quot; flag contest</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/12/15/ten-flags-fly-in-the-oregonian-flag-contest/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/12/15/ten-flags-fly-in-the-oregonian-flag-contest/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2008 16:10:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flags in the News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Information]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Jaymes Walker]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[North American Vexillological Association]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ted Kaye]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Oregonian]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3265</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ The Daily Flag previously linked here and here, to The Oregonian&#8217;s articles about its contest to design a new state flag for Oregon. From thousands of entries, the newspaper has chosen ten finalists for its readers to vote on, and those designs can be viewed at The Oregonian&#8217;s website. 
My choice? I didn&#8217;t actually [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/dkh-08.jpg" rel="lightbox[3265]"><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" height="41" alt="DKH_08" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/dkh-08-thumb.jpg" width="184" align="right" border="0"></a> <em>The Daily Flag</em> previously linked <a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/10/20/does-oregon-need-a-new-state-flag/">here</a> and <a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/20/oregonians-submit-ideas-for-new-state-flag/">here</a>, to <em>The Oregonian&#8217;s</em> articles about its contest to design a new state flag for Oregon. From thousands of entries, the newspaper has chosen ten finalists for its readers to vote on, and those designs can be viewed at <a href="http://www.oregonlive.com/oregon/">The Oregonian&#8217;s website</a>. </p>
<p>My choice? I didn&#8217;t actually vote, because I don&#8217;t live in Oregon. But I like this one. It respects the past with a traditional, yet modern design. And it looks the same from both sides, which is important in Oregon.</p>
<p><strong><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/jaymes-walker-flag-design.jpg" rel="lightbox[3265]"><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" height="145" alt="Jaymes Walker flag design" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/jaymes-walker-flag-design-thumb.jpg" width="225" align="left" border="0"></a>Jaymes Walker , 55, Northeast Portland, a landscape designer </strong><br /><em>The process:</em> &#8220;I purposefully kept this flag simple in order for it to represent all of Oregon.&#8221; <em>What it means:</em> The &#8220;O&#8221; stands for Oregon, and is doubled. The incoming stripes frame the letter and strengthen the image to show the strength and solidarity. Blue and gold, the state colors, represent the Pacific Ocean and western Oregon; and the high desert and wheat fields of eastern Oregon. Note that the colors could be reversed.</p>
<p><em>Hat Tip to Oregonian Ted Kaye, of </em><a href="http://www.nava.org/index.php"><em>NAVA</em></a><em>&#8212;North American Vexillological Association.</em></p>
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		<item>
		<title>Blessings</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/27/blessings/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/27/blessings/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 27 Nov 2008 06:07:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thanksgiving]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[wild turkey]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3235</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[ My husband&#8217;s grandfather, Pop, used to shoot a wild turkey every year for Thanksgiving, until he got too old to hunt. 
The difference between putting a golden, succulent Butterball on the table, and putting a wild turkey on the table, is the difference between driving to the grocery store, or lying in wait, patient [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/wild-turkey-eastern-us.jpg" rel="lightbox[3235]"><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" height="172" alt="Wild_turkey_eastern_us" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/wild-turkey-eastern-us-thumb.jpg" width="244" align="left" border="0"></a> My husband&#8217;s grandfather, Pop, used to shoot a wild turkey every year for Thanksgiving, until he got too old to hunt. </p>
<p>The difference between putting a golden, succulent <a href="http://www.butterball.com/en/index.jsp?gclid=CNTr97LXlJcCFQQRswod6DmW-A">Butterball</a> on the table, and putting a wild turkey on the table, is the difference between driving to the grocery store, or lying in wait, patient and ignoring all discomforts (and they are legion)&#8212;for the wily, wild turkey to stroll into your gunsight. </p>
<p>To cook a wild turkey, Pop skinned the whole bird and soaked it over-night in buttermilk. Then he wrapped it in bacon, with a cut up apple and onion on the inside, or a handful of chopped celery and green onions, and carefully roasted it. He was a free-style cook when it came to wild turkey, and it might vary from year to year. </p>
<p>He didn&#8217;t do all those fancy things that other cooks do to turkeys, except to put it on a handsome platter, with a well-sharpened knife and fork along side. And by &#8220;well-sharpened,&#8221; I mean you could do surgery with it. Hendrick men can sharpen a knife until the edge disappears into infinity.</p>
<p>No matter what else was on the table, we all took a serving of Pop&#8217;s turkey (you would have too). Would you like dark meat, or darker meat?&nbsp; For me, it was a reminder of hard times, and good times. Hard times, you know, to find wild turkey on your plate. </p>
<p>Good times&#8212;dear God in Heaven! What a blessing&#8212;to have wild turkey on your plate. </p>
<p>Whatever is on your plate today, I hope you will <em>Praise God from whom all blessings flow.</em></p>
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		<title>Run for the Fallen honors four soldiers in Healing Field Memorial</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/19/run-for-the-fallen-honors-four-soldiers-in-healing-field-memorial/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/19/run-for-the-fallen-honors-four-soldiers-in-healing-field-memorial/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2008 18:16:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flag Photos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flags in the News]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[American Legion Riders]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cathedral City CA]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cathedral City High School]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cathedral City Rotary Club]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Desert Riders Association]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Healing Field Memorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Palm Springs HOG]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[US Marine Corps]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3137</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Last month The Daily Flag received a question about flag precedence, etiquette and protocol, which is routine, but for the event in question, it was not.
It was for the &#8220;Run for the Fallen,&#8221; to the Healing Field Memorial at Patriot Park in Cathedral City, California, sponsored by the Cathedral City Rotary Club and Cathedral City. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Last month <em>The Daily Flag</em> received a question about flag precedence, etiquette and protocol, which is routine, but for the event in question, it was not.</p>
<p>It was for the &#8220;Run for the Fallen,&#8221; to the <a href="http://colonialflagfoundation.org/cathedralcity/">Healing Field Memorial at Patriot Park in Cathedral City, California</a>, sponsored by the Cathedral City Rotary Club and <a href="http://www.cathedralcity.gov/">Cathedral City</a>. </p>
<p>The &#8220;run&#8221; was a motorcycle parade, lead by motorcyclists bearing four American flags in honor of four local soldiers who had fallen in Iraq and Afghanistan.</p>
<p>There is a wealth of information about how to carry the flags in a parade, but when the flags are borne by motorcycle riders, extra care must be taken, and the members of these motorcycle riding clubs wanted to make sure they carried these flags of honor properly.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/vet-parade-2008.jpg" rel="lightbox[3137]"><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" height="341" alt="Vet Parade 2008" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/vet-parade-2008-thumb.jpg" width="650" border="0"></a></p>
<p>The Run for the Fallen motorcycle procession was held by a consortium of local motorcycle riding clubs, with riders on 175 motorcycles from <a href="http://www.americanlegionriderspalmsprings.com/">The American Legion Riders</a> of Palm Springs, the <a href="http://desertridersassociation.org/index.html">Desert Riders Association</a>, and the <a href="http://www.pshog.us/Frameset.htm">Palm Springs Harley Owners Group</a>.</p>
<p>The riding clubs carried the four U.S. flags in honor of SPC Jason Chappell, 1st Lt. Joshua M. Palmer,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; PFC Ming Sun, and Corporal Jesus Gonzales, who were from the area in and around Cathedral City.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/imagew2aspx8.jpg" rel="lightbox[3137]"><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/1-run-for-the-fallen.jpg" rel="lightbox[3137]"><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" height="290" alt="1 Run for the Fallen" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/1-run-for-the-fallen-thumb.jpg" width="380" align="left" border="0"></a></a>During the Healing Field Memorial, the 4,248 names of American service men and women were read. The <a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/healing-fields-preparing-for-the-flags6.jpg" rel="lightbox[3137]"></a></a>National Anthem was sung by legendary band leader Buddy Greco and his wife, Lezlie Anders.</p>
<p>The Cathedral City High School Symphonic Band, and the United States Marine Corps Band from the Air Ground Combat Center in Twenty-nine Palms performed.</p>
<p>Guest speaker was Gunnery Sgt. Christopher W. Cox, U.S. Marine Corps.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/imagew2aspx8.jpg" rel="lightbox[3137]"><img style="border-top-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px; border-right-width: 0px" height="289" alt="imagew2.aspx" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/imagew2aspx-thumb4.jpg" width="380" align="left" border="0"></a>More photographs can be seen at The Desert Riders Association <a href="http://desertridersassociation.org/index.html">website.</a></p>
<p>&nbsp; </p>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/imagew2aspx8.jpg" rel="lightbox[3137]"></a></p>
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		<title>Vexillologically yours, Deborah</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/12/vexillologically-yours-deborah/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/12/vexillologically-yours-deborah/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Nov 2008 17:53:09 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flag Photos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flags Bay]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Daily Flag]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[U.S. Dept. of Veterans Affairs]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Veterans Day]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3118</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Now would be a good time to sign up for the RSS feed from The Daily Flag.
Last week I took a small vacation from The Daily Flag, and during that time I made major business decisions about The Daily Flag and Flags Bay.
I will continue to write for The Daily Flag, but I am reducing [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/psdvetsday84.jpg" rel="lightbox[3118]"><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" height="218" alt="PSdvetsday84" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/psdvetsday84-thumb.jpg" width="184" align="left" border="0"></a>Now would be a good time to sign up for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aggregator">RSS feed</a> from <em>The Daily Flag</em>.</p>
<p>Last week I took a small vacation from <em>The Daily Flag</em>, and during that time I made major business decisions about <em>The Daily Flag</em> and <strong><a href="http://flagstore.flagsbay.com/">Flags Bay</a></strong>.</p>
<p>I will continue to write for <em>The Daily Flag</em>, but I am reducing the number of articles to one a week, maybe two, which will include occasional book reviews, too.</p>
<p>More than half the people who come to <em>TDF</em> are looking for specific information on flag protocol and etiquette, and I need to make changes on the website so that information is easier to find.</p>
<p>One of the serendipitous consequences of writing at <em>TDF </em>is that I have developed two book ideas which I never would have known about or considered, were it not for <em>TDF</em> and the research required to write here.&nbsp; I don&#8217;t know if these ideas are viable, but I am devoting more time to them. That means trips to distant libraries, because the information I am looking for is not found on the Internet. </p>
<p>I would tell you what the book ideas are, but I cannot (unless you are a book publisher reading here&#8212;then one book is an <em>undertold</em> story in American vexillology, and the other idea is about a flag whose mysterious origin, I believe, is deeply buried in one of the oldest and most beloved works in all of English literature. Write me at <a href="mailto:deborah@flagsbay.com">deborah@flagsbay.com</a>). </p>
<p>Until next week, I remain vexillologically yours, Deborah.</p>
<p><em>The flag image shown above was adapted from a U.S. Dept. of Veterans Affairs</em> 1984 Veterans Day <em>poster. The name of the artist is not available presently, but I&#8217;m on the hunt.&nbsp; Isn&#8217;t it a beautiful painting!</em></p>
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		<title>The Daily Flag: on vacation</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/03/the-daily-flag-less-is-more/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/11/03/the-daily-flag-less-is-more/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Nov 2008 10:00:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flag Photos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Information]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Alex Richman Photography]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sidewalk Photography]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3065</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[I love writing for The Daily Flag, but there are other things that I love, so I&#8217;m taking a vacation. I&#8217;ll be back by November 10. 
Flag photo by Alex Richman, of Sidewalk Photography and Alex Richman Photography.
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/2457238137-a34ba6a1971.jpg" rel="lightbox[3065]"><img style="border-right: 0px; border-top: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 5px 15px; border-left: 0px; border-bottom: 0px" height="165" alt="2457238137_a34ba6a197" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/11/2457238137-a34ba6a197-thumb1.jpg" width="129" align="right" border="0"></a>I love writing for <em>The Daily Flag</em>, but there are other things that I love, so I&#8217;m taking a vacation. I&#8217;ll be back by November 10. </p>
<p><em>Flag photo by Alex Richman, of </em><a href="http://sidewalkphotography.blogspot.com/"><em>Sidewalk Photography</em></a><em> and </em><a href="http://alexrichmanphotography.com/"><em>Alex Richman Photography</em></a><em>.</em></p>
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		<title>How the U.S. Navy names ships</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/10/31/how-the-us-navy-names-ships/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/10/31/how-the-us-navy-names-ships/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 31 Oct 2008 17:09:34 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flag Photos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scouting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Boy Scouts of America]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sec. Navy Donald C. Winter]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[U.S. Navy-Naval Historical Center]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[USS Boy Scout]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3056</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Do you remember the USS Boy Scout?
I wrote about Boy Scout last May, having found the name and photograph while researching at the Department of Navy&#8212;Naval Historical Center, looking for old photographs that showed the Stars and Stripes. 
Historical photographs are indexed in myriad ways, but not by whether the U.S. flag is included in [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/photo-nh-99426-motor-boat-boy-scout-underway-ca-1916-17.jpg" rel="lightbox[3056]"><img style="border-top-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px; border-right-width: 0px" height="199" alt="Photo # NH 99426 Motor boat Boy Scout underway, ca 1916-17" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/photo-nh-99426-motor-boat-boy-scout-underway-ca-1916-17-thumb.jpg" width="274" align="left" border="0"></a>Do you remember the <em>USS Boy Scout?</em></p>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/05/05/uss-boy-scout/">I wrote about <em>Boy Scout</em> last May</a>, having found the name and photograph while researching at the <a href="http://www.history.navy.mil/index.html">Department of Navy&#8212;Naval Historical Center</a>, looking for old photographs that showed the Stars and Stripes. </p>
<p>Historical photographs are indexed in myriad ways, but <em>not</em> by whether the U.S. flag is included in the image (so far as I can determine).&nbsp; One of my on-going projects is to find the oldest photographic image that includes the flag.</p>
<p>I was trying to identify the flags on <em>Boy Scout</em>, when I included this line: <em>&#8220;Maybe the Boy Scouts of American should lobby the U.S. Navy for a new</em> USS Boy Scout<em>, in time for the BSA centennial.&#8221;</em></p>
<p>The more I thought about it, the better I liked the idea, so I wrote a letter to the Honorable Donald C. Winter, Secretary of the Navy. It was short&#8212;one page&#8212;and I got right to the point and asked him to consider naming a new boat the <em>USS Boy Scout</em> in honor of <a href="http://www.scouting.org/">Scouting</a>&#8217;s <a href="http://scouting.org/100years/100years/Default.aspx">centennial coming in 2010</a>.</p>
<p>I won&#8217;t share the entire letter with you, but here is a bit:</p>
<blockquote><p>The first <em>USS Boy Scout</em> was small, and a second <em>Boy Scout</em> should probably be small too, in keeping with the spirit of the first. Regardless of the size, it needs to be a very special boat. It would be greatly beloved and her crew would never lack for attention.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>After a few weeks, I received a nice reply from the office of the Secretary of the Navy, written and signed by a Navy captain working in the office. The captain thanked me for writing, and went on to explain that there were more requests for &#8220;names&#8221; than there were boats waiting for names, but that Secretary Winter considers every request. And I certainly understand that.</p>
<p>This morning I was (once again) looking in the archives and found this great article which explains the history of the Navy&#8217;s &#8220;ship-naming&#8221; process. There are all kinds of rules and precedents, and then exceptions to the rules. </p>
<p>Ordinarily I would link you directly to the page, but the Naval Historical Center is content-rich and operates slowly. I am including the entire article here, and applaud the superior scholarship of the unknown authors. It is a wonderful look at one part of U.S. Navy history.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><img height="6" src="http://www.history.navy.mil/pics/hr-thin.gif" width="493"></p>
<h6>
<h3>DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY &#8212; NAVAL HISTORICAL CENTER </h3>
<h3>805 KIDDER BREESE SE &#8212; WASHINGTON NAVY YARD </h3>
<h3>WASHINGTON DC 20374-5060</h3>
</h6>
<h5>Ship Naming in the United States Navy</h5>
<dd>The Navy traces its ancestry to 13 October 1775, when an act of the Continental Congress authorized the first ship of a new navy for the United Colonies, as they were then known. The ships of the Continental Navy, and of the Navy later established under the Federal Constitution, were not named in any strictly categorical manner.
<dd>Ship names in the Continental Navy and the early Federal navy came from a variety of sources. As if to emphasize the ties that many Americans still felt to Britain, the first ship of the new Continental Navy was named <i>Alfred</i> in honor of Alfred the Great, the king of Wessex who is credited with building the first English naval force. Another ship was named <i>Raleigh</i> to commemorate the seagoing exploits of Sir Walter Raleigh. Some ships honored early patriots and heroes (<i>Hancock</i> and <i>General Greene</i>). Others commemorated the young nation&#8217;s ideals and institutions (<i>Constitution</i>, <i>Independence</i>, <i>Congress</i>). A 74-gun ship-of-the-line, launched in 1782 and donated to the French Navy on completion, was named <i>America</i>. A Revolutionary War frigate named <i>Bourbon</i> saluted the King of France, whose alliance would further the cause of American independence. Other ship names honored American places (<i>Boston</i>, <i>Virginia</i>). Small warships&#8211; brigs and schooners&#8211;bore a variety of names. Some were named for positive character traits (<i>Enterprise</i>, <i>Diligent</i>). Others had classical names (<i>Syren</i>, <i>Argus</i>) or names of small creatures with a potent sting (<i>Hornet</i>, <i>Wasp</i>).
<dd>On 3 March 1819 an act of Congress formally placed the responsibility for assigning names to the Navy&#8217;s ships in the hands of the Secretary of the Navy, a prerogative which he still exercises. This act stated that &#8220;all of the ships, of the Navy of the United States, now building, or hereafter to be built, shall be named by the Secretary of the Navy, under the direction of the President of the United States, according to the following rule, to wit: those of the first class shall be called after the States of this Union; those of the second class after the rivers; and those of the third class after the principal cities and towns; taking care that no two vessels of the navy shall bear the same name.&#8221; The last-cited provision remains in the United States Code today.
<dd>
<dd>An act of 12 June 1858 specifically included the word &#8220;steamship&#8221; in the ship type nomenclature, and officially defined the &#8220;classes&#8221; of ships in terms of the number of their guns. Ships armed with 40 guns or more were of the &#8220;first class&#8221;; those carrying fewer than 40, but more than 20, guns were of the &#8220;second class.&#8221; The name source for the second class was expanded to include the principal towns as well as rivers. The unprecedented expansion of the fleet during the Civil War was reflected&#8211;as far as ship naming was concerned&#8211;in an act of 5 August 1861, which authorized the Secretary of the Navy &#8220;to change the names of any vessels purchased for use of the Navy Department&#8230;&#8221; This provision also remains in current law.
<dd>Shortly before the turn of this century the legislation was changed to reflect the remarkable changes taking place in the Navy itself as wooden hulls, sails, and muzzleloading ordnance gave way to steel ships with breechloading rifles. An act of May 4, 1898, specified that &#8220;all first-class battleships and monitors [shallow-draft coast-defense ships completed between 1891 and 1903, armed with heavy guns] shall be named for the States, and shall not be named for any city, place, or person, until the names of the States have been exhausted, provided that nothing herein contained shall be construed as to interfere with the names of states already assigned to any such battleship or monitor.&#8221;
<dd>As with many other things, the procedures and practices involved in Navy ship naming are as much, if not more, products of evolution and tradition than of legislation. As we have seen, the names for new ships are personally decided by the Secretary of the Navy. The Secretary can rely on many sources to help him reach his decisions. Each year, the Naval Historical Center compiles primary and alternate ship name recommendations and forwards these to the Chief of Naval Operations by way of the chain of command. These recommendations are the result of research into the history of the Navy and by suggestions submitted by service members, Navy veterans, and the public. Ship name source records at the Historical Center reflect the wide variety of name sources that have been used in the past, particularly since World War I. Ship name recommendations are conditioned by such factors as the name categories for ship types now being built, as approved by the Secretary of the Navy; the distribution of geographic names of ships of the Fleet; names borne by previous ships which distinguished themselves in service; names recommended by individuals and groups; and names of naval leaders, national figures, and deceased members of the Navy and Marine Corps who have been honored for heroism in war or for extraordinary achievement in peace.
<dd>In its final form, after consideration at the various levels of command, the Chief of Naval Operations signs the memorandum recommending names for the current year&#8217;s building program and sends it to the Secretary of the Navy. The Secretary considers these nominations, along with others he receives as well as his own thoughts in this matter. At appropriate times, he selects names for specific ships and announces them.
<dd>While there is no set time for assigning a name, it is customarily done before the ship is christened. The ship&#8217;s sponsor&#8211;the person who will christen the ship&#8211;is also selected and invited by the Secretary. In the case of ships named for individuals, an effort is made to identify the eldest living direct female descendant of that individual to perform the role of ship&#8217;s sponsor. For ships with other name sources, it is customary to honor the wives of senior naval officers or public officials.
<dd>While the Navy has attempted to be systematic in naming its ships, like all institutions it has been subject to evolutionary change, and the name sources of the Navy&#8217;s ships have not been immune to this change. Thus, an historical accounting of this evolution, as it appeared in modern times, may help the reader understand the ship naming process as it exists today.
<dd>The Civil War expanded the Navy to an extent undreamed of in prewar times. More than 200 new ships were built, and another 418 were purchased for naval use. Ironclads, including monitors, and shallow-draft river steamers fell into new classification categories, and their naming reflected the abrupt pace of growth. Names like <i>Hartford</i> and <i>Brooklyn</i>, <i>Ticonderoga</i> and <i>Monongahela</i> mingled with <i>Trefoil</i>, <i>Stars and Stripes</i>, <i>Penguin</i>, and <i>Western World</i>. Many ships, including gunboats and monitors, bore names of American Indian origin, such as <i>Owasco</i>, <i>Sagamore</i>, <i>Saugus</i>, and <i>Onondaga</i>. Four big monitors, laid down but never completed, were given such tongue-twisters as <i>Shackamaxon</i> and <i>Quinsigamond</i>. A large oceangoing ironclad was, fittingly enough, named <i>New Ironsides</i>. Ships acquired for Navy use were known by such strange names as <i>Hunchback</i>, <i>Midnight</i>, and <i>Switzerland</i>. In 1869 one Secretary of the Navy, who disliked the Indian names borne by so many Navy ships, renamed a large number of them, substituting names from classical antiquity such as <i>Centaur</i>, <i>Medusa</i>, <i>Goliath</i>, and <i>Atlas</i>. A few months later, his successor changed most of the names back again!
<dd>As the &#8220;new Navy,&#8221; the generation of steel ships that would mature into the fleet of the 20th century, took form the Navy&#8217;s new ships were named in accordance with what evolved into a new system, tailored to the new ship types now developing. There came to be&#8211;then, as now&#8211;some duplication in use of name sources for different ship types. Names of states, for example, were borne by battleships; by armored cruisers (large, fast warships as big as, or bigger than, contemporary battleships but more lightly protected and armed with cruiser-caliber guns), and monitors (small coast-defense ships armed with heavy guns). As battleship construction went on through the early 1900s, state names began to run short. The law stated that battleships had to bear state names; to comply with this, monitors and armored cruisers were renamed for cities within their respective name states to free the names of their states for assignment to new battleships. The monitors <i>Florida</i> and <i>Nevada</i>, for instance, became <i>Tallahassee</i> and <i>Tonopah</i>, while the armored cruisers <i>Maryland</i> and <i>West Virginia</i> became <i>Frederick</i> and <i>Huntington</i>. By 1920, state names were the sole preserve of battleships.
<dd>In 1894 the famed Civil War sloop-of-war <i>Kearsarge</i> ran aground in the Caribbean and had to be written off as unsalvageable. There was so much affection for that ship in the Fleet that the Secretary of the Navy asked Congress to permit her name to be perpetuated by a new battleship. This was done, and <i>Kearsarge</i> (Battleship Number 5) became the only American battleship not to be named for a state.
<dd>From the 1880s on, cruisers were named for cities while destroyers&#8211;evolving from the steam torpedo boats built around the turn of the century&#8211;came to be named for American naval leaders and heroes, as today&#8217;s destroyers are still named. Submarines began to enter the Fleet in 1900. The first was named <i>Holland</i> in honor of John Holland, submarine designer and builder. Later submarines were, at first, given such names as <i>Grampus</i>, <i>Salmon</i>, and <i>Porpoise</i>, but were also named for venomous and stinging creatures, such as <i>Adder</i>, <i>Tarantula</i>, and <i>Viper</i>. Submarines were renamed in 1911, however, and carried alpha- numeric names such as <i>A-1</i>, <i>C-1</i>, <i>H-3</i>, <i>L-7</i>, and the like until 1931, when &#8220;fish and denizens of the deep&#8221; once more became their name source. In 1931, existing ships were not renamed.
<dd>World War I sparked unprecedented naval ship construction, principally in destroyers and submarines, to protect a massive sealift effort&#8211;the &#8220;bridge of ships&#8221;&#8211;across the Atlantic to Europe. Additionally, the development of mine warfare necessitated the introduction of a new type of ship, the minesweeper. A new type of ship required a new name source. The then-Assistant Secretary of the Navy, Franklin D. Roosevelt, took a keen interest in amateur ornithology. This led him to select bird names as the name source for these new ships, and &#8220;F.D.R.&#8221; signed the General Order assigning names to the first 36 ships of the <i>Lapwing</i> class. The ships that bore these colorful names served as the backbone of the Navy&#8217;s mine force for the next quarter century; many earned honors in World War II.
<dd>Between the World Wars the Navy&#8217;s first aircraft carriers came into service. Our first carrier, converted from the collier <i>Jupiter</i>, was <i>Langley</i> (CV 1), named in honor of aviation pioneer Samuel Pierpont Langley. Our next two carriers were built on the unfinished hulls of battle cruisers, two of a canceled class of six fast capital ships which had already been assigned the names of American battles and famous former Navy ships. These new carriers kept their original names, <i>Lexington</i> and <i>Saratoga</i>. The original battle-cruiser name source continued as <i>Ranger</i>, <i>Yorktown</i>, <i>Enterprise</i>, <i>Wasp</i>, and <i>Hornet</i> entered service between 1934 and 1941, and was carried on through World War II and into the postwar years.
<dd>As World War II approached, and ship construction programs began to include new types of ships, these required new name sources; others required a modification of existing name sources to meet a perceived shortage of &#8220;appropriate&#8221; names. Minesweepers were now being built and converted in large numbers. Perhaps fearing an exhaustion of suitable bird names, the Navy also used &#8220;general word classification&#8221; names such as <i>Adept</i>, <i>Bold</i>, and <i>Agile</i>, for new sweepers. This began a dual naming tradition that extended beyond World War II. Modern mine countermeasures ships are intended to detect and destroy all types of mines; they bear such names as <i>Avenger</i>, <i>Guardian</i>, and <i>Dextrous</i>. Coastal minehunters, similar in concept but designed for use in coastal waters, carry bird names (<i>Osprey</i>, <i>Raven</i>). Some hundreds of small seagoing minesweepers, built during World War II, were at first known only by their hull numbers. After the war, those remaining in the Fleet were reclassified and given bird names; thus, the wartime <i>YMS 311</i> became <i>Robin</i> (AMS 53).
<dd>A new ship type, the destroyer escort (DE), retained the name source of its &#8220;parent&#8221; ship type, the destroyer. Most of these mass-produced antisubmarine patrol and escort ships were named in honor of members of the naval service killed in action in World War II. Some were named for destroyers lost in the early stages of that war.
<dd>Ships lost in wartime were normally honored by having their names reassigned to new construction. Names like <i>Lexington</i>, <i>Yorktown</i>, <i>Atlanta</i>, <i>Houston</i>, <i>Triton</i> and <i>Shark</i> were perpetuated in memory of lost ships and gallant crews. Unique among these names bestowed in honor of lost ships was <i>Canberra</i>, assigned to a heavy cruiser in honor of the Australian cruiser <i>Canberra</i>, sunk while operating with American warships during the Battle of Savo Island in August 1942. This was seen to be an appropriate exception to the custom of naming cruisers for American cities.
<dd>During World War II the names of individuals were once again assigned to aircraft carriers. A small fleet carrier (CVL 49), converted from a cruiser hull, was named <i>Wright</i> in honor of the Wright brothers, while a large aircraft carrier (CVB 42) of the <i>Midway</i> class was named <i>Franklin D. Roosevelt</i> soon after the President&#8217;s death in the spring of 1945. That name was suggested to then-President Harry S. Truman by Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal, who would himself later be honored in the naming of our first &#8220;supercarrier,&#8221; <i>Forrestal</i> (CVA 59). <i>Franklin D. Roosevelt</i> was the first aircraft carrier to be named for an American statesman; <i>Franklin</i> and <i>Hancock</i>, wartime <i>Essex</i>-class fleet carriers, honored the former Navy ships of those names and not, as many think, the statesmen themselves. A new <i>Langley</i> (CVL 27) honored our first aircraft carrier, lost in the opening months of war in the Pacific.
<dd>Amphibious warfare, long considered a minor function by navies, assumed major importance in World War II. An entirely new &#8220;family&#8221; of ships and craft was developed for the massive landing operations in Europe and the Pacific. Many types of landing ships did not receive &#8220;word&#8221; names, but were simply known by their hull numbers (<i>LST 806</i> and <i>LCI(G) 580</i>). Attack cargo ships and attack transports carried landing craft to put cargo and troops ashore on a beachhead. Many of these were named for American counties (<i>Alamance</i> [AKA 75]; <i>Hinsdale</i> [APA 120]). Some early APAs, converted from conventional troopships, kept their former names (<i>Leonard Wood</i>, <i>President Hayes</i>); many AKAs were named for stars (<i>Achernar</i>) or constellations (<i>Cepheus</i>). Dock landing ships, seagoing ships with a large well deck for landing craft or vehicles, bore names of historic sites (<i>Gunston Hall</i>, <i>Rushmore</i>). Modern LSDs are still part of today&#8217;s Fleet, and carry on this name source (<i>Fort McHenry</i>, <i>Pearl Harbor</i>). After World War II the remaining tank landing ships (LST) were given names of American counties; thus, the hitherto-unnamed <i>LST 819</i> now became <i>Hampshire County</i> (LST 819).
<dd>As naval technology advanced after World War II, the fleet began to evolve much as it had after the Civil War. Old ship types left the Navy&#8217;s roster as new types emerged. Nuclear power and guided missiles spurred much of this change. The first nuclear-powered guided-missile cruiser, <i>Long Beach</i>, was the last cruiser to be named for a city in traditional fashion.
<dd>The next cruisers, also nuclear-powered missile ships, were given state names and became the <i>California</i> and <i>Virginia</i> classes. We had built no battleships since World War II, and these new ships were seen to be, in a sense, their successors as the most powerful surface warships afloat.
<dd>Nuclear-powered fleet ballistic missile submarines, built to carry the Polaris strategic deterrent missile, began to go into commission in the early 1960s. These were rightly regarded as ships without precedent. Thus, a name source of their own was deemed appropriate. Our first ballistic missile submarine was named <i>George Washington</i>, and the rest of the &#8220;41 for freedom&#8221; bore the names of &#8220;famous Americans and others who contributed to the growth of democracy.&#8221; Some of these submarines were later reclassified as conventional attack submarines under the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT) agreements. Though they lost their missile capability, they continued to bear such names as <i>Patrick Henry</i> and <i>Ethan Allen</i>. The newest Trident missile submarines of the <i>Ohio</i> class bear state names, one of the name sources originally considered for the first Polaris submarines. One of the class, <i>Henry M. Jackson</i>, honors a legislator who had a strong share in shaping American defense programs.
<dd>Into the mid-1970s attack submarines continued to be named for sea creatures, though a few were named for such legislators as <i>Richard B. Russell</i> and <i>L. Mendel Rivers</i>. Ships of the more recent <i>Los Angeles</i> class bear the names of American cities. One exception, <i>Hyman G. Rickover</i>, honors the man who has been called &#8220;the father of the nuclear Navy.&#8221; The new <i>Seawolf</i> class has departed from this scheme, with <i>Seawolf</i> representing a &#8220;denizen of the deep&#8221; and <i>Connecticut</i> named for the state; the third ship of the class has not yet been named.
<dd>After World War II aircraft carriers were given a mix of such traditional carrier names as <i>Ranger</i>, <i>Saratoga</i>, and <i>Coral Sea</i> and names of individuals. The first of these, as we have seen, was <i>Franklin D. Roosevelt</i>, later followed by <i>Forrestal</i> and <i>John F. Kennedy</i>. All the ships of the current <i>Nimitz</i> class bear the names of such national figures as <i>Theodore Roosevelt</i>, <i>George Washington</i>, and <i>Ronald Reagan</i>.
<dd>The names of American battles have been perpetuated by the newest class of guided missile cruisers. The first of these was <i>Ticonderoga</i>; twenty later ships of this class honor actions fought from the Revolution to World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. One ship is named <i>Thomas S. Gates</i> for a statesman who served as Secretary of the Navy and Secretary of Defense.
<dd><i>Arleigh Burke</i>-class guided missile destroyers continue the tradition of honoring naval leaders and heroes. There are the typical exceptions; <i>Roosevelt</i> (DDG 80) was named in honor of Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt, while <i>Winston Churchill</i> honors the great war leader of World War II. Some destroyers bear names of recent heroes, while others carry on the traditions of distinguished former ships of the same name.
<dd>The Navy is not only made up of combatant ships. Throughout its history it has depended on its auxiliary ships, a generic term used in referring to the many different types of ships used to support the Fleet. Auxiliary ship types are numerous and varied, and display many different name sources. Submarine tenders, for instance, are &#8220;mother ships&#8221; to submarine squadrons and bear the names of submarine pioneers (<i>Simon Lake</i>, <i>Hunley</i>, <i>Holland</i>). Ammunition ship names are names of volcanoes or words denoting fire and explosives (<i>Suribachi</i>, <i>Pyro</i>). Fleet tugs, big seagoing ships capable of rescue and firefighting as well as towing, bear American Indian names (<i>Powhatan</i>, <i>Navajo</i>), while salvage ships have names indicating salvage (<i>Safeguard</i>, <i>Grasp</i>). Ocean surveying ships have been named for individuals who distinguished themselves in ocean sciences or exploration (<i>Maury</i>, <i>Wilkes</i>, <i>Bowditch</i>); the name of one, <i>Pathfinder</i>, points to its role at sea. Oilers, large tankers fitted to refuel other ships at sea, are named for rivers (<i>Monongahela</i>, <i>Patuxent</i>) or for famous ship designers or builders (<i>Joshua Humphreys</i>, <i>Benjamin Isherwood</i>). Fast combat support ships provide fuel, ammunition, and other supplies to aircraft carrier battle groups. The newest class of these ships honors the names of honored supply ships of former years (<i>Supply</i>, <i>Arctic</i>).
<dd>How will the Navy name its ships in the future? It seems safe to say that the evolutionary process of the past will continue; as the Fleet itself changes, so will the names given to its ships. It seems equally safe, however, to say that future decisions in this area will continue to demonstrate regard for the rich history and valued traditions of the United States Navy.
<p><b>A Note on Navy Ship Name Prefixes</b></p>
<dd>The prefix &#8220;USS,&#8221; meaning &#8220;United States Ship,&#8221; is used in official documents to identify a commissioned ship of the Navy. It applies to a ship while she is in commission. Before commissioning, or after decommissioning, she is referred to by name, with no prefix. Civilian-manned ships of the Military Sealift Command (MSC) are not commissioned ships; their status is &#8220;in service,&#8221; rather than &#8220;in commission.&#8221; They are, nonetheless, Navy ships in active national service, and the prefix &#8220;USNS&#8221; (United States Naval Ship) was adopted to identify them. Other Navy vessels classified as &#8220;in service&#8221; are simply identified by their name (if any) and hull number, with no prefix.
<dd>Into the early years of the 20th century there was no fixed form for Navy ship prefixes. Ships were rather haphazardly identified, in correspondence or documents, by their naval type (U.S. Frigate ____), their rig (United States Barque ____), or their function (United States Flag-Ship ______). They might also identify themselves as &#8220;the Frigate _____,&#8221; or, simply, &#8220;Ship ______.&#8221; The term &#8220;United States Ship,&#8221; abbreviated &#8220;USS,&#8221; is seen as early as the late 1790s; it was in frequent, but far from exclusive, use by the last half of the 19th century.
<dd>In 1907 President Theodore Roosevelt issued an Executive order that established the present usage:<br />
<blockquote>
<p>In order that there shall be uniformity in the matter of designating naval vessels, it is hereby directed that the official designation of vessels of war, and other vessels of the Navy of the United States, shall be the name of such vessel, preceded by the words, United States Ship, or the letters U.S.S., and by no other words or letters.<br /><b>&#8211;Executive Order 549, 8 January 1907.</b></p>
</blockquote>
<dd>Today&#8217;s Navy Regulations define the classification and status of naval ships and craft:<br />
<blockquote>
<p>1. The Chief of Naval Operations shall be responsible for &#8230; the assignment of classification for administrative pur- poses to water-borne craft and the designation of status for each ship and service craft. &#8230;.<br />2. Commissioned vessels and craft shall be called &#8220;United States Ship&#8221; or &#8220;U.S.S.&#8221;<br />3. Civilian manned ships, of the Military Sealift Command or other commands, designated &#8220;active status, in service&#8221; shall be called &#8220;United States Naval Ship&#8221; or &#8220;U.S.N.S.&#8221;<br />4. Ships and service craft designated &#8220;active status, in service,&#8221; except those described by paragraph 3 of this article, shall be referred to by name, when assigned, classification, and hull number (e.g., &#8220;HIGH POINT PCH-1&#8243; or &#8220;YOGN-8&#8243;).<br /><b>&#8211; United States Navy Regulations, 1990, Article</b> <b>0406.</b></p>
</blockquote>
<dd>Some, but apparently not all, other navies also use prefixes with their ships&#8217; names. Perhaps the best known of these is &#8220;HMS&#8221; (His or Her Majesty&#8217;s Ship), long used by the Royal Navy. In earlier times this was also seen as &#8220;HBMS,&#8221; for &#8220;His Britannic Majesty&#8217;s Ship.&#8221; British Empire/Commonwealth navies used their own versions of this, inserting their own nationalities, such as HMCS for Canada, HMNZS for New Zealand, or HMAS for Australia. The Royal Saudi Naval Forces also use &#8220;HMS.&#8221; Argentina uses &#8220;ARA&#8221; (Armada de la Republic Argentina); the Philippine Navy identifies its ships as &#8220;BRP&#8221; (Barka ng Republika ng Pilipinas). The Imperial German Navy used &#8220;SMS&#8221; (Seine Majestäts Schiff); the World War II Kriegsmarine does not appear to have used a prefix, but the modern Bundesmarine uses &#8220;FGS&#8221; (Federal German Ship). India and Israel both use &#8220;INS&#8221; to mean Indian Naval Ship or Israeli Navy Ship. Lebanon and Tunisia, on the other hand, do not use any nationality prefix.
<p><i>29 September 1997</i></p>
</dd>
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		<title>Golden Boy</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/10/30/golden-boy/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/10/30/golden-boy/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Oct 2008 15:00:05 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Information]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Scouting]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Boy Scouts of America]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Henry Golden Boy "Boy Scouts of America Centennial Edition" Rifle]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Henry Repeating Arms Company]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Texas Co-op Power]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=2952</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[&#160;

&#160;
 Is there a special Boy Scout in your life? Looking for the gift of a lifetime? How about this beauty!
In celebration of 100 years of Boy Scouting, the Henry Repeating Arms Company has built the Henry Golden Boy &#8220;Boy Scouts of America Centennial Edition&#8221; Rifle.
This special rifle features the Scout Oath, Scout Law, scrollwork [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/dkh-262.jpg" rel="lightbox[2952]"><img style="border-top-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-right-width: 0px" height="195" alt="DKH_26" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/dkh-26-thumb2.jpg" width="662" border="0"></a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/bsa100-oath.jpg" rel="lightbox[2952]"><img style="border-top-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin: 0px 0px 0px 10px; border-right-width: 0px" height="209" alt="bsa100_oath" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/bsa100-oath-thumb.jpg" width="332" align="right" border="0"></a> Is there a special Boy Scout in your life? Looking for the gift of a lifetime? How about this beauty!</p>
<p>In celebration of <a href="http://scouting.org/100years/100years/Default.aspx">100 years of Boy Scouting</a>, the Henry Repeating Arms Company has built the <a href="http://www.henryrepeating.com/h004bsa_scouts100.cfm">Henry Golden Boy &#8220;Boy Scouts of America Centennial Edition&#8221; Rifle</a>.</p>
<p>This special rifle features the Scout Oath, Scout Law, scrollwork and traditional Boy Scouts of America logo embellishing the receiver, as well as a 100 Years of Scouting logo and Centennial Edition gold filled etchings in the buttstock and forearm.</p>
<p>No one knows how many boys first learned to shoot on the rifle range at a Boy Scout camp, but that first experience could have been with a Henry Rifle.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/dkh-241.jpg" rel="lightbox[2952]"><img style="border-top-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin: 0px 10px 0px 0px; border-right-width: 0px" height="91" alt="DKH_24" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/dkh-24-thumb1.jpg" width="332" align="left" border="0"></a>It was the tiny American flag that caught my eye, in a Henry Repeating Arms advertisement on the inside back cover of the October edition of <a href="http://www.texas-ec.org/texascooppower/">Texas Co-op Power magazine</a> (the Pedernales Electric Cooperative Edition).</p>
<p>As you might expect, that little flag was irresistible to me, and I had to take closer look. Let me encourage you to take a closer look too. The story of the Henry Repeating Arms Company is American history. There is a great video on the Henry company website that shows how the rifles are made, and you can ask for a free color catalog. I have one, and it is a splendid publication. <a href="http://www.henry-guns.com">www.henry-guns.com</a></p>
<p>I&#8217;ve been hinting to Husband for a new sewing machine for Christmas, but there&#8217;s no reason I can&#8217;t have&nbsp; <a href="http://www.henryrepeating.com/h004_goldenboy.cfm">Golden Boy</a> of my own. Right?</p>
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		<title>Texas Fold &#8216;em</title>
		<link>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/10/24/texas-fold-em/</link>
		<comments>http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/10/24/texas-fold-em/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 24 Oct 2008 14:18:31 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Deborah Hendrick</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Editorial]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flag Facts]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Flag Photos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[History]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Information]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Al Cavalari]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gov. Ann Richards]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gov. Rick Perry]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Texas DPS]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Texas Flag Coe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Texas House Sergeant at Arms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[U. S. Flag Code]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/?p=3027</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[See updated information about changes to the Texas flag code here. 
A recurring question that shows up on every web site that writes about flags, or sell flags is this:&#160; How do you fold a Texas flag?
The Texas Flag Code is silent on this, so there&#8217;s no help to be found there. I should mention [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/dkh-28.jpg" rel="lightbox[3027]"><img style="border-top-width: 0px; border-left-width: 0px; border-bottom-width: 0px; margin: 0px 10px 5px 0px; border-right-width: 0px" height="244" alt="DKH_28" src="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/dkh-28-thumb.jpg" width="230" align="left" border="0"></a>
<p><a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2009/08/18/texas-legislature-passes-protocol-for-folding-the-lone-star-flag/">See updated information about changes to the Texas flag code here. </a></p>
<p>A recurring question that shows up on every web site that writes about flags, or sell flags is this:&nbsp; How do you fold a Texas flag?</p>
<p>The <a href="http://tlo2.tlc.state.tx.us/statutes/docs/GV/content/htm/gv.011.00.003100.00.htm#3100.002.00">Texas Flag Code</a> is silent on this, so there&#8217;s no help to be found there. I should mention that the U.S. Flag Code does not tell how to fold the Stars and Stripes either. The origins of our much-beloved tri-cornered fold is a mystery. Last year I speculated (with little scholarship) on this topic and wrote about it <a href="http://www.flagsbay.com/flag/2008/01/09/deborahs-theory-on-flag-folding/">here</a>.&nbsp; </p>
<p>Recently the question came up again to <a href="http://www.nava.org/">NAVA</a> members (North American Vexillological Association), and I shared information I&#8217;d received last year about folding the Texas flag. But it was wrong, and I mean 180 degrees wrong.</p>
<p>I had been told that the Texas House Sergeant at Arms folded the state flag in the usual triangle shape, finishing on the white stripe, so it was an all-white bundle.&nbsp; Wrong, and I had failed to do my homework.</p>
<p>Determined to find the correct answer and looking for a place to start, I typed &#8220;Texas flag&#8221; into the Google search engine, clicked on &#8220;images&#8221; and took off. At 435 images into 910,000 returns, I found a very important photo. Taken at the graveside service for the funeral of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Richards">former Texas governor Ann Richards</a>, it showed seven Texas Department of Public Safety troopers. They had just removed the Lone Star flag from the governor&#8217;s casket, and <a href="http://picasaweb.google.com/bmartinez74/GovAnnRichardsViewing#4978047384208474130">were folding it</a>.</p>
</p>
<p>Surely I thought, the pall bearers at Gov. Richards&#8217;s funeral, would have specific instruction on how to fold the Texas flag, so I telephoned the public information office at the Texas DPS in Austin and explained what I wanted. I wanted to know how those troopers had folded the flag.</p>
<p>It took a few days to get the answer, and it was prefaced with, &#8220;The Texas Flag Code doesn&#8217;t say how to fold the state flag &#8230; .&#8221; But one of the honor guard/pall bearers from Gov. Richards&#8217;s funeral sent the message that they had folded the flag in the traditional triangular fold, by folding the red stripe to the inside with the white stripe on the outside, then folding toward the blue end, finishing with just a bit of the white star showing. Proof One.</p>
<p>Next I called the office of the Texas (capitol building) House Sergeant at Arms. An intern there told me, &#8220;The Texas flag code doesn&#8217;t say how to fold the flag, but &#8230; .&#8221; I laughed (he didn&#8217;t.)&nbsp; He told me that they do indeed fold the Texas flag in the traditional triangle, ending with the blue and showing part of the star, and that they packaged the flags in triangular-shaped boxes for mailing. Proof Two.</p>
<p>The intern in the Sergeant at Arms office gave me the name of an aide in Texas Gov. Rick Perry&#8217;s office who, in addition to his other duties fills the role of flag advisor, so I called the aide and explained my quest. He told me, &#8220;The Texas flag code doesn&#8217;t say how to fold the flag, but &#8230; .&#8221; We both had a good laugh, and he said that he gets phone calls every day from people asking how to fold the Texas flag.</p>
<p>The Governor&#8217;s aide said that lacking specific legislative instructions, the Governor&#8217;s office has traditionally folded the Texas flag into the standard triangle, with the blue end showing a bit of white star. Proof Three.</p>
<p>There it is. The Texas flag code gives no instructions for folding the flag, but the consensus from three Texas government offices is to fold the flag as a triangle, by folding the red stripe to the inside, then folding the white stripe down to to the blue end, so it finishes with a bit of the white Lone Star showing.</p>
<p>This morning my husband and I folded a 3&#8242;x5&#8242; Texas flag three ways: all white, all red, and blue with a bit of star showing. It takes a lot of practice to make a tight right triangle, regardless which color you want it to be. Regulation Texas flags are stubby at a 2:3 ratio, while regulation U.S. flags are much longer, with a 1:1.9 ratio.</p>
<p>Most flag companies sell flags in 3&#8242;x5&#8242;, 4&#8242;x6&#8242;, 5&#8242;x8&#8242; and so on. These are not regulation sizes but the are now the industry standard. Folding a 3&#8242;x5&#8242; flag into a pretty triangular shape is not easy. It&#8217;s too short, and the folds do not come out even; you have to make a short fold first, then begin the triangle. With a regulation Texas flag in that 2:3 ratio, it would be very difficult to make a tight right triangle.</p>
<p>Casket flags are extra long, which makes them easier to fold. And the honor guards who do it are very good, and have practiced so their action is smooth and perfect. You really can&#8217;t stop and start over at a funeral. So if you are frustrated at trying to fold the American flag or any state flag, if you are teaching Scouts, or kids at school or at home, just remember that unless you have a regulation size flag, it is more difficult to fold a shorter flag, and you have to make some adjustments at the beginning so the end comes out right.</p>
<p>As for folding the Texas flag, there&#8217;s no right or wrong way, but you&#8217;ll be ok if you fold it like the state offices do.</p>
<p><em>The above photograph was taken by Larry Hendrick on the beach at San Luis Pass, on the western end of Galveston Island on the Texas coast. I was holding the flag pole, but the wind was blowing so hard, it bent the flag pole.</em></p>
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